2015大学英语***四六级考前临门一脚讲义

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2015 大学英语四六级考前点拨班辅导讲义

主讲人： 北京外国语大学***

一、Listening Comprehension：

Part 1 .Short Conversation

几种思维

1． 主题思维： 上文提到一件事情（用一般疑问句进行提问），这就是对话主题。下文会给

出肯定或者是否定的回答。掌握肯定和否定的表达方法。

2． 否定思维：评价性否定；事实性否定；邀请性否定

3． 听到什么不选什么的思维：安全感的获得

4． 概括改写的思维：出题人的最后一招

真题示例：

Eg1. A) Taking photographs . B) Enhancing images.

C) Mending cameras. D) Painting pictures.

听力原文：W: Do you let people know when you're taking pictures of them?

M: I try not to. You know any picture of a person who poses for the camera would

look dull and unnatural.

Q: What are the speakers talking about?

Eg2 . A) Get some small change. B) Find a shopping center.

C) Cash a check at a bank. D) Find a parking meter.

听力原文：M: Excuse me, do you have change for a ten-dollar note? I need to pay the parking

meter.

W: I'm sorry, but I think you can get it through the money changer in the shopping

center across the street.

Q: What is the man trying to do?

Eg3 . A) Shopping with his son. B) Buying a gift for a child.

C) Promoting a new product. D) Bargaining with a salesgirl.

听力原文：M: Can you recommend something that a school boy of 7 or 8 will really like?

W: I'd suggest this toy train, sir. It's an excellent brand, very popular all over the

world these days.

Q: What is the man doing?

Eg4. A) He moved to Baltimore when he was young.

B) He can provide little useful information.

C) He will show the woman around Baltimore.

D) He will ask someone else to help the woman.

听力原文：W: I need to talk to someone who knows Baltimore well. I'm told you lived there.

M: Oh, but I was really young at the time.

Q: What does the man mean?

Eg5. A) He is rather disappointed. B) He is highly ambitious.

C) He can’t face up to the situation. D) He knows his own limitations.

听力原文：W: Aren't you disappointed that you didn't get the promotion?

M: Maybe a little, but I know I need more experience before I'm ready for that kind of

responsibility.

Q: What do we learn about the man from this conversation?

Eg6. A) She bought a new set of furniture from Italy last month.

B) She sold all her furniture before she moved house.

C) She plans to put all her old furniture in the basement.

D) She still keeps some old furniture in her new house.

听力原文：M: Did you really give away all your furniture when you moved into the new house

last month?

W:Just the useless pieces, as I’m planning to purchase a new set from Italy for the

sitting room only.

Q: What does the woman mean?

Eg7. A) He has got a heart attack. B) He was badly hurt.

C) He was unharmed. D) He has fully recovered from the shock.

听力原文： W: Were you hurt in the accident?

M: I was shocked at the time, but wasn't hurt at all. My bike was totally damaged

though.

Q: What do we know about the man?

Eg8. A) John Smith isn't in right now.

B) John Smith can't come to the phone right now.

C) John Smith doesn't want to speak to the caller.

D) The caller dialed the wrong number.

Eg9. A) She wants to take the most direct way.

B) She may be late for the football game.

C) She is worried about missing her flight.

D) She is currently caught in a traffic jam.

听力原文： W: Airport, please. I’m running a little late. So just take the fastest way even if it’s not

the most direct.

M: Sure, but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today because of the football game.

Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?

Eg10. A) He is an experienced sales manager.

B) He is being interviewed for a job.

C) He is not in a vacant position.

D) He is good at answering tricky questions.

听力原文：W: now one more question if you don’t mind, what position in the company appeals to

you most?

M: Well, I’d like the position of sales manager if that position is still vacant.

Q: What do we learn about the man?

Eg 11. A) The can catch the next bus.

B) The bus will wait a few minutes at the stop.

C) There are only two or three passengers waiting for the bus.

D) They can catch this bus without running.

听力原文：M: Hurry, there is a bus coming.

W: Why run? There will be another one in two or three minutes.

Q: What does the woman mean?

Part 2. Long Conversation

一、抓住首尾句

【预览选项】

[A] To go sightseeing. [B] To have meetings.

[C] To promote a new champagne. [D] To join in a training program.

【边听边选】

M: Hi, Ann, welcome back. How’s your trip to the states?

W: Very busy, [19]I had a lot of meetings. …

19. Why did the woman go to New York?

二、留意对话中的一问一答

【预览选项】

[A] Data collection. [B] Training consultancy.

[C] Corporate management. [D] Information processing.

【边听边选】

W: What’s your line of business, Mr. Johnson?

M: We are a training consultancy.

25. What is the man’s line of business?

Part 3. Passages

【预览选项】

29. A) Michael’s parents got divorced. B) Karen was adopted by Ray Anderson.

C) Karen’s mother died in a car accident. D) A truck driver lost his life in a collision.

【边听边选】

The impact of the collision killed Karen’s mother instantly, but she was left trapped in the burning

car.

【预览选项】

A) At a local club. C)At the sports center

B) At Joe’s house. D)At the bearing school.

【边听边选】

Joe is a day student, but I am a boarding student. We haven’t been in same classes, sports or

extra-curricular activities. Nonetheless, I spend nearly every weekend at his house and we talk on

the phone every night.

【预览选项】

A) Kevin is nine years old B) Kevin is handsome

C) Kevin is single D) Kevin is lack of efficiency

Part 4. Dictation

26. 27. 28. 29.

30. 31. 32. 33.

34. 35.

二．Writing：

内容；结构；语言；

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结构学习：两种形式的文章：图画作文和提纲作文

两种结构的文章：正反观点对立型和社会热点型文章；

图画作文:

第一段：

第一句：简单描述图画；

As is shown above， 中心人物+动作.

第二句：图画造成影响；

There has been a heated discussion about this picture on the WeChat, the most influential social

media in China.

第三句：指出图画寓意；

1. The picture shows us that….

2. Simple and funny as this picture is, the symbolic meaning behind it is as deep as ocean.

第二段：

第一种写法：

第一句：介绍主题背景

1.Recently the issue of (whether …or not) has been in the limelight（成为引人注目的中心） and

has aroused wide concern in the public.

近来， _______的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。

2.Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one

of which is ....

随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是____________。

3.Recently, the issue of ...... has been brought into public focus.

近来，_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。

第二句：分析利弊

On the one hand,… On the other hand …

第二种写法：

第一句：介绍各方观点

1. There is no consensus of opinions among people as to … some people tend to have a favorable

attitude toward…While, others have an unpleasant association with…

2. Most of us ， however ， have formed a different picture of … some people think they are

beneficial, while others hold the opposite view.

第二句：进一步介绍

1. And we rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.

对于这种极具争议的话题，我们很难作出绝对的回答。

2. People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.

不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。

harbor the idea that,

take the attitude that,

hold the view that, 认为

第三段：

给出自己看法：

1.Perhaps there is an element of truth in both these pictures.

2.As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the former view.

在我看来，我较同意前一种观点。

3.After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the former view.

经过深思熟虑，我较支持前一种看法

语言学习：关注

四．Reading in depth

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each

statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which

the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is

marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet

Universities Branch Out

A)As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national

competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that

move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and

maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow

of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for

global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.

B)In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have

become more self-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the

entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global

careers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and

collaborative (合作的) research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.

C)Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across

borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study

abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004.

Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed

countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the

rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United

States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for

undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America’s best

institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the

newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly

hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.

D)Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in

another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each

year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And

in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships (实习) abroad to

prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate

at least one international study or internship opportunity—and providing the financial resources to

make it possible.

E)Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing

portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical

Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at

Shanghai’s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The

Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter

laboratory facility. Yale faculty, postdoctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend

videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both

countries; Xu’s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in

China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a

world-class scientist and his U.S. team.

F)As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the

commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and the integrated

circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure (基础设施) and applications software of the

1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but

sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and

Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around

the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in

Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology

companies have set up shop around the university.

G)For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the

research-university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and

national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the

National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than

inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with

inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation

would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term

GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.

H)American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students

can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for

inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the

levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic

decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a

corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from

American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the

decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.

I)Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation’s well-being through

their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by

taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students

to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the

States and—like immigrants throughout history—strengthen the nation; and second, foreign

students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍视)

values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere,

few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming

international university students.

注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。

46. American universities prepare their undergraduates for global careers by giving them chances

for international study or internship.

47. Since the mid-1970s, the enrollment of overseas students has increased at an annual rate of 3.9

percent.

48. The enrollment of international students will have a positive impact on America rather than

threaten its competitiveness.

49. The way research is carried out in universities has changed as a result of globalization.

50. Of the newly hired professors in science and engineering in the United States, twenty percent

come from foreign countries.

51.The number of foreign students applying to U.S. universities decreased sharply after September

11 due to changes in the visa process.

52. The U.S. federal funding for research has been unsteady for years.

53. Around the world, governments encourage the model of linking university-based science and

industrial application.

54. Present-day universities have become a powerful force for global integration.

55.When foreign students leave America, they will bring American values back to their home

countries.

解题要诀：主题；定位；句子理解；

主题的强大：

Eg1.主题句：

We sometimes think humans are uniquely vulnerable to anxiety, but stress seems to affect the

immune defenses of lower animals too.

One of the most startling examples of how the mind can alter the immune response was

discovered by chance.

题目：1. The passage tells us that the most probable reason for the death of the mice in Ader’s

experiment was that ________.

A) they had been weakened psychologically by the saccharin

B) the sweetener was poisonous to them

C) their immune systems had been altered by the mind

D) they had taken too much sweetener during earlier conditioning

2. It can be concluded from the passage that the immune systems of animals ________.

A) can be weakened by mind B) can be suppressed by drug injections

C) can be affected by frequent doses of saccharin

D) can be altered by electric shocks

Eg2. 主题词：weak dollar

52. Why do Americans feel humiliated?

A．Their economy is plunging

B．Their currency has slumped

C．They can't afford trips to Europe

D．They have lost half of their assets.

53.How does the current dollar affect the life of ordinary Americans?

A．They have to cancel their vacations in New York.

B．They find it unaffordable to dine in mom-and-pop restaurants.

C．They have to spend more money when buying imported goods.

D．They might lose their jobs due to potential economic problems.

54. How do many Europeans feel about the U.S with the devalued dollar?

A．They feel contemptuous of it

B．They are sympathetic with it.

C．They regard it as a superpower on the decline.

D．They think of it as a good tourist destination.

55. what is the author's advice to Americans?

A．They treat the dollar with a little respect

B．They try to win in the weak-dollar gamble

C．They vacation at home rather than abroad

D．They treasure their marriages all the more.

特别提示：对于句子结构的把握，找出句子主干主谓隔离：句子开头的第一个独立名词（前面没有关联词和介词），为句子主语应该和其匹配的动词在一起。

1.But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without

government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.

2. The fact that artisans, who were looked on as mechanics or skilled workers in the eighteenth

century, are frequently considered artists today is directly attributable to the Arts and Crafts

Movement of the nineteenth century.

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Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate

a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

剪纸(paper cutting)是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史,在明朝和清朝时期(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)特别流行。人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。特别是在春节和婚庆期间,剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间,以增加喜庆的气氛。剪纸最常用的颜色是红色,象征健康和兴旺。中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎,经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。

Part IV Translation

Paper cutting is one of China’s most popular traditional folk arts. Chinese paper cutting has a

history of more than 1,500 years. It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing

Dynasties. People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings. During the Spring Festival and

wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate doors, windows and rooms

in order to enhance the joyous atmosphere. The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red,

which symbolizes health and prosperity. Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world

and it is often given as a present to foreign friends.

翻译中一定会用到的表达：

1. Sth gradually developed a style which featured …

某物形成了以…为特色的风格；

2.Sth can be classified into several categories:…

某物可以被分为以下几类；

3.Industrious Chinese laboring people

勤劳的中国人民

4.China has made great headway in narrowing the gap among different social classes.

中国在缩小不同社会阶层间的差距方面也在努力。

5.The core of “harmonious society” is“human-centered,” which means the improvement of

people’s livelihood.

和谐社会的核心是以人为本，这就意味着要促民生。

6.We not only aspire to build China into a prosperous, strong and modern socialist country, but

also into a democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious one.

我们不只是希望把中国建设为现代，繁荣和富强的社会主义国家，而且使中国成为文化先进的，民主的和和谐的国家。

7. During the long course of history, the Chinese people have, working with diligence, bravery and

wisdom, created a beautiful homeland where all ethnic groups live in harmony, and developed a

great and dynamic culture

在漫长的历史进程中，中国人民依靠自己的勤劳、勇敢、智慧，开创了民族和睦共处的美好家园，培育了历久弥新的优秀文化。

8. Chinese nation has made an indelible contribution to the progress of human civilization.

中华民族为人类的文明进步作出了不可磨灭的贡献。

9. sth has become one of the most popular …

…成为了最受欢迎的…之一

Sth has been regarded as one of …

…被认为是…之一

10.We can see…, enjoy…and learn of the legend and anecdotes about…

我们能看到…享受到…而且了解到关于…的传奇和轶事。

11.sth is a combination of …, dating back to…

某物是…的结合，其起源可以追溯到…

12.There are some branches of sth , of which A is one of the most famous.

Sth 有好些分支，其中A 是最有名的。

13.Sth，with a history of… years and a number of …branches/ styles , is an important part of

Chinese traditional culture.

… 已有..年的历史，有好多分支/风格，是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。

14.High speed railroad is introduced in 2004. With the generous funding from the government, it

is rapidly expanding.

2004 年，高铁被引入；政府大力支持，发展很快。

15. sth is familiar to everyone, about which however people’s opinions differ.

大家都很熟悉…,但是对于…仁者见仁。

16.Honor the aged of other family as we honor our own; Care for the children of other family as

we care for our own.

老吾老以及人之老，幼吾幼以及人之幼。

17.Respecting the aged and loving the young，a the traditional Chinese virtue, has been regarded

as the social responsibility and behavior norm for thousands years.

千百年来，尊老爱幼这一中华民族的传统美德，被当做是社会责任和行为规范。

Filial Piety, a Chinese traditional virtue, is central to Confucian role ethics.

孝道是中国的传统美德，被认为是儒家角色伦理的核心。

18.Learning without thinking leads to confusion; thinking without learning ends in danger.

学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。

19.Chinese characters evolve from pictures and signs. The style of the calligraphers symbolize

their age.

汉字由图画和符号演变而来。书法家的风格代表了他们的时代。

20.China is the birthplace of ...

中国是…的故乡

名人，民族，食物，名胜，节日，中医，戏剧，书法，美德

附录：2015 年6 月四六级作文中一定能用到的句子：

1. 生活时间角度

(1) we have been always considering sth (recreational activities) as something to relax ourselves

or something that can add color to the dull routine of every day life.

我们一直认为娱乐活动可以让我们放松，可以为我们每天枯燥的生活增添一些色彩。

(2) Sth will make our life more enjoyable, that is to say, sth can add color to the dull routine of

every day life.

Sth 可以使我们的生活更加有乐趣，也就是说，sth 为我们每天枯燥的生活增添了一些色彩。

(3) For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives

and the source of their happiness and contentment

对大多数人来讲，阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源

(4)Furthermore, students living in their own home would have access to a comfortable life and

have more opportunities to communicate with their parents, which have beneficial impact on

development of their personal character.

而且，学生生活在自己家中，有舒适的生活，并有更多机会和父母交流，这对他们个性的培养是有利的。

(5) Sth, by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for

boredom.

Sth 很有建设意义地占据了人们的空余时间，使得人们很满足，进而没有时间来觉得无聊。

(6) Sth does not occupy students’ too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of

time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

Sth 不会占据学生太多的时间.实际上让他们把所有的时间都花在学习上也是不健康的，就如一句俗话所说：劳逸结合。

(7) What’ s more, living in school can save them a great deal of time on the way between home

and school every day, so they would be able to concentrate more time and energy on their

academic work.

而且，生活在学校里能节省大量每天往返于学校和家的路上的时间，这会使他们有更多的时间和精力放在学习上。

（8）Furthermore, students living in their own home would have access to a comfortable life and

have more opportunities to communicate with their parents, which have beneficial impact on

development of their personal character.

而且，学生生活在自己家中，有舒适的生活，并有更多机会和父母交流，这对他们个性的培养是有利的。

2.知识经验角度

（1）Little by little, our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly

broadened.

逐渐的，我们的知识会得到增加，我们的视野将会大大的拓宽。

（2）For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time

to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.

对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说，找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的，正如那句老话：活到老，学到老

（3）The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities

to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future

job markets.

大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。

（4）Additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies, many maintain,

youngsters are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will

put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets.

额外的教育活动有许多优点，通过学习，年轻人可以获得很多实践技能和有用的知识，这些对他们就业是大有好处的。

（5）By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but

gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.

通过做一份和专业相关的工作，学生不仅能够提高他们的专业能力，而且能获得从课本上得不到的经验。

（ 6 ） Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and

knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion

opportunities.

现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。

（7）In the first place, extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children.

Educational experts point out that, it is equally important to take some sport activities

instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring classroom.

首先，额外的学习对孩子们的身体发育是不利的。教育专家指出，孩子们在枯燥的教室里呆了一整天后，从事一些体育活动，而不是额外的学习，是非常重要的。

3.环境健康角度

（1）Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that some certain sports contribute

directly to our health by giving us some physical exercises.

现在越来越多的人开始相信体育锻炼能有助于身体健康。

（2）As a matter of fact, travel has become part of our life. This situation is encouraging, for it not

only broadens people's minds to the extend which may not be reached previously, but also

relaxes them physically, which help people conquer mental problems more actively.

实际上，旅行已经成为我们生活的一个部分，这样的情形是喜人的，因为旅行不仅可以拓宽人们的视野达到之前没有达到的范围，而且还可以在身体上得到放松，这能使人们更加积极的克服心理问题。

（3） Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.

污染对我们的生存造成巨大威胁。

Some of the…are poisonous and dangerous to health.

（4）Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems

such as global warming but also could directly threaten the quality of our lives.

环境学家指出：持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题，而且还将威胁到我们的生活质量。

（5）…Under considerable pressure from… therefore…will only add to their burden.

在这样的压力之下，所以会增加他们的负担。

（6）I see three kinds of pressure working on people today: pressure from education, family and

career. It is easy to blame the school for charging too much money, the family members for

the heavy burden, the society for the fierce competition. I think people should relax. It is

important for them to keep a good mood under whatever circumstances.

我能看到今天人们身上的三种压力，教育的压力，家庭和职业的压力。学校所收学费太贵，家庭成员负担过重，来自社会的激烈竞争。我认为人们应该放松，他们他们来说，在任何环境下保持一个好的情绪是很重要的。

（7）Moreover, children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra

studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal

skills. They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.

而且，由于要额外地学习，孩子们没有多少时间和同龄的孩子玩耍和交流，很难培养他们的个性和交际能力。他们可能变得孤僻甚至产生某些心理疾病。

4.合作角度

（1）sth can give students team-spirit and teach them how to cooperate with others. Because in

those activities, students usually need to cooperate with others in order to get good

achievement.

Sth 可以赋予学生们团队精神，并教会他们学会与人合作。因为在这些活动中，学生通常需要相互合作目的是得到提高。

5.科技发展环境角度

（1）In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live

longer and healthier than in the past.

在过去的几十年，先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。

（ 2 ） Admittedly, this limit has made it possible for the public to realize the importance of

environmental protection and enable we Chinese people to cherish the beauty of our

communities.

可以承认，这一限制已经使得公众认识到环境保护的重要性，并且使得我们中国人去珍惜我们美丽的社区。

（3）Although many people claim that, along with the rapid economic development, the number

of people who use bicycle is decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information I’ve

collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play

extremely important roles in modern society.

虽然很多人承认，随着经济的快速发展，使用自行车的人数正在下降，自行车一定会消失。根据我最近几年所收集到的信息使我相信自行车会在现代社会中扮演一个非常重要的角色。

6.成长成功

（1）Most people are under the illusion that a college degree guarantees success. There is no such

guarantee without hard work.

许多人错误地认为大学学位能保证成功。不努力工作就没有这样的保证。

（2）While the inclination to procrastinate is common, one must fully consider the detrimental

impact of unnecessary delays.

虽然拖延的倾向是普遍的，但是人们应该充分考虑到不必要的延误造成的有害影响。

（3）The tendency to take things for granted is understandable, but the need for one to rationally

evaluate the circumstances of any situation is absolutely essential.

想当然的倾向是可以理解的，但是，理智地估计任何情形的情况是完全必需的。

（4）From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that, although the

parents' desire to look after children by themselves is understandable, its disadvantages far

outweigh the advantages.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出如下结论：尽管家长想亲自照看孩子的愿望是可以理解的，但是这样做的缺点远大于优点。

（5） From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that, although

extra studies indeed enjoy many obvious advantages, its disadvantages shouldn't be

ignored and far outweigh its advantages. It is absurd to force children to take extra studies

after school.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：尽管额外学习的确有很多优点，但它的缺点不可忽视，且远大于它的优点。因此，放学后强迫孩子额外学习是不明智的。（结论句式）

（6）While achieving success is easier said than done, perseverance does in fact pay off. One of

the most important traits of a successful person is self-confidence, another is desire, and still

another is determination.

获得成功说起来比做起来容易，然而坚持不懈确实会有好结果。成功人士的最重要的特征之一是自信，第二是渴望，还有一个是决心。

（7）Independence offers many advantages, the first and foremost of which is self-determination.

独立带来很多好处，首先也是最重要的是自决

（8）There has been undesirable trend in recent years towards the worship of money . A recent

survey showed that X percent of respondents ranked getting rich as their top priority ,

compared to X percent only a few years ago . Why do people fail to realize that wealth does

not necessarily bring happiness?

近年来出现了对社会有害的拜金主义倾向。最近的一项调查表明，X%的调查对象把致富作为他们的首选，相比之下，就在几年前，只有X%的人这样想。为什么人们没能意识到财富不一定带来幸福呢?

（9）Most people are of the opinion that wealth provides solutions to all problems. But in spite of

the material benefits wealth provides , I believe one should abandon the pursuit of

materialism and instead concentrate on the pursuit of happiness.

大多数人认为财富为所有问题提供解决的办法。但是，我认为，尽管财富提供物质上的利益，一个人应该放弃物质至上的追求，而是集中精力追求幸福。

7.社会宏观

（ 1 ） We needs to reexamine the results of technology development in order to ascertain the

benefits and indeed（表示加强含义） the detrimental aspects from a new perspective.

Otherwise, various perceived accomplishments might in fact prove to be far from

beneficial .

我们需要重新检查科技发展带来的结果以便从新的角度明确它们的好处，甚至是有害的方面。否则，许多我们以为取得的成就实际上可能完全不会带来好处。

（2）We must avoid overindulgence and conspicuous consumption . We must instead continue to

recognize the benefits of thrift in order to protect our newfound prosperity.

我们必须避免过分放纵和铺张浪费。相反，我们应该继续发扬节俭的优点以守护我们新获得的繁荣。

（3）Many of the explanations offered thus far are at least to a certain extent valid, but none fully

address the problem and the issue must be examined in a wider context.

目前提供的许多解释至少在一定程度上是正确的，但是，没有一个解释能完全处理问题，这件事情必须放在更广阔的背景中考虑。

（4）There is little doubt that immediate action is required to eliminate the detrimental aspects of

environmental pollution once and forever.

毫无疑问，必须立即采取行动彻底消除环境污染的危害

（5）Some months ago , a friend of mine was killed in a tragic automobile accident involving a

drunk driver . The incident was far from rare , and was in fact typical of thousands of cases

involving drunk driving

几个月前，我的一个朋友死于一场与酒后驾车有关的悲惨车祸。这件事情一点儿也不

罕见，事实上是数以千计的酒后驾车案例的典型之一。

（6）It is high time we put an end to the deplorable practice of food contamination .

我们早该杜绝食品污染这种应遭谴责的做法。

（ 7 ） The most striking conclusion that can be reached when weighing the advantages and

disadvantages of the new technology, such as smart phone and the like is quite frankly

prosperity.

很坦率地说，在权衡新技术（比如智能手机）时候，能得出的最显著的结论是繁荣。

（8）The ample evidence presented enables us to reasonably conclude that the scourge of haze will

be brought under control in the foreseeable future.

提出的充分证据使我们能够合理地得出这样的结论：雾霾的祸害在可预见的将来就能得到控制。